I was looking more from someone who lives there, rather than more of the political answers of the pros and cons.
Ex: Con: We have to come up with our own version of the pound/dollar.
The idea proposed was that we would have continued using the pound as that made economic sense both sides of the border. Westminster maintained that they wouldn't enter a formal currency union to which the Yes campaign pointed out that denying us access to the financial assets of the Bank of England (England in this case meaning Britain) would mean an independent Scotland could not be expected to take a share of the financial liabilities ie the national debt. For this reason I personally am convinced that the refusal to enter a currency union was a bluff and that there would have been agreement after a Yes vote. Personally I would have liked to have seen a new Scottish currency but the plan was for a currency union.
A lot of the cons were in my opinion scaremongering. Uncertainty over what currency we would use, uncertainty over EU and NATO membership. The main scaremongering that definitely worked was the Better Together campaign continually talking about uncertainty over pensions despite the UK government having confirmed that they would honour existing pension funds that had been paid into. A breakdown of the vote afterwards revealed that 73% of over 65s voted to maintain the union, if you take them out of the equation then the result would have been a Yes. Some businesses voiced concern over a potential split and spoke about increased costs while others came out in favour of independence. Initial setup costs for a new country and setting up a defence force are obvious cons.
Pros include the money raised in Scotland being used by a Scottish government in the best interests of Scotland rather than the current system where it goes to London and a percentage of it is used here. The English media like to point out that public spending is a good deal higher in Scotland per head than the UK average but usually fail to point out that Scotland contributes more money than it receives as this doesn't fit the theme of us being "subsidy junkies"
Last week the PM cancelled a session in parliament to come up to Scotland to speak in favour of maintaining the union. This was summed up by the Yes campaign poster stating "Imagine living in a country where our leaders don't make emergency visits but are actually based here"
Scotland has 8% of the UK population but the following percentages of resources
Oil 95
Gas 65
Open cast coal 47
Hydro electric production 92
Solar, wind, wave production 40
Fresh water (by surface area) 90
Fish landed 55
Beef stock 30
Sheep 20
Timber production 62
We also have the Scotch whisky industry and more top ranked universities per head than any other nation.
In my personal opinion the main thing that cost us this referendum is fear. 45% of the population did vote for independence though. The biggest city in the country, third biggest in the UK and I'm proud to say my hometown did vote for independence. The majority of people under the age of 65 did vote for independence. Unfortunately I think this is why we won't get our independence, the only reason Westminster allowed this referendum is because it was assumed that it would be an overwhelming No vote. The fright they have had over the last few weeks when it looked like we might vote Yes in my opinion makes the likelihood of them authorising another in my lifetime practically nonexistent.
The main reason for independence is independence itself. Why when offered the chance to run our own affairs we decided to reject it and continue to have them run from London is something that I will never understand and will break my heart until the day I die.