Doc50
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I think it's a challenge to be sure, but I wouldn't limit my research strictly to steroids. I think plenty of supplements qualify. I think guys can max out their bodies with creatine, huge amounts of protein, and tons of supplements. And while that adds muscle, I think a guy's natural genetics determine a great deal in terms of his bones, joints, and ligaments holding up.
Take a player like Sean Lee for example. I'm obviously not saying he's taking steroids, but I see him as an example of a naturally average to smaller guy who has maxed out his potential in every way he can. But underneath, he's still a 180lb guy with those genetics. And in my own opinion, that goes a long way toward his injury history.
Creatine, protein, and supplements do not add significant muscle mass unless the supplements contain steroid or HGH analogs (which are common). If those substances are present, then one may experience consequences including thinning of bones, weakening of connective tissue, testicular atrophy, hair loss, prostatic hypertrophy, impotence, gynecomastia (breast enlargement in men), liver disease, acne, hypertension, atherosclerotic vascular disease, and psychosis.
Separately, moderate to high use of creatine has been shown to cause liver disease.