There have been (I believe) 11 wild-card teams that made the SB.
The 2020 Bucs, 2010 Packers, 2007 Giants, 2005 Steelers, 2000 Ravens and 1985 Patriots played their last regular-season game at home.
The 1999 Titans, 1997 Broncos, 1992 Bills and 1980 Raiders played their WC game at home.
The 1975 Cowboys played their season finale and all their playoff games on the road, but that only amounted to three in a row, since WC weekend didn't exist then and they played their second-to-last regular-season game at home.
So I can at least say no Super Bowl team has ever played more than three road games in a row. It's still possible a team that lost the CCG played 4 or 5 road games in a row before, but that'll take a bit more digging. I'm assuming no team has ever finished the regular season with 3 road games in a row, so 5 would seem the likely upper limit.