Within New York City, performances of spoken-word poetry and music by artists such as
The Last Poets,
Gil Scott-Heron[18] and
Jalal Mansur Nuriddin had a significant impact on the post-civil rights era
culture of the 1960s and 1970s, and thus the social environment in which hip hop music was created.
Prior to 1979, recorded hip hop music consisted mainly of PA system recordings of parties and early hip hop
mixtapes by DJs. Puerto Rican
DJ Disco Wiz is credited as the first hip hop DJ to create a "mixed plate," or mixed dub recording, when, in 1977, he combined sound bites, special effects and paused beats to technically produce a sound recording.
[36]
The first hip hop record is widely regarded to be
The Sugarhill Gang's "
Rapper's Delight", from 1979.
[37] However, much controversy surrounds this assertion as some regard "
King Tim III (Personality Jock)" by
The Fatback Band, which was released a few weeks before "Rapper's Delight", as a rap record.
[38] There are various other claimants for the title of first hip hop record.