It depends. An underlying health condition would be discovered if a franchise's doctor performed a thorough medical examination of the patient. The examination's findings would be entered into the franchise doctor's medical records for the patient. How the franchise would be privy to the doctor's medical records of the patient is a question mark, since the medical records would still be considered protected health information.
EDIT (typing too fast): Additionally, a player could volunteer providing his primary care physician's medical records to their franchise doctor. The franchise doctor's medical records would then have documented evidence of a patient's health condition, which had not been revealed during an examination by that doctor.
Answer: A thorough medical examination, which includes laboratory, radiology, cardiology, etc., testing dependent upon the physician's initial or subsequent diagnoses.
No. Any standard employer policy does not automatically allow an employee to continue working without restriction if the possibility exists that the employee is violating said policy.
The NFL's Performance Enhancing Substances policy can be reviewed at this link. The policy's Appendix I, Therapeutic Use Exemptions, page 34 - 40, are relevant review material. In this instance of Ronald Jones' suspension:
Therapeutic Use Exemptions
The NFL recognizes that within the list of prohibited substances there are medications that are appropriate for the treatment of specific medical conditions. For athletes who require the use of a prohibited substance to treat an appropriately diagnosed medical problem, a Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) may be requested. In reviewing a TUE request, the Independent Administrator of the NFL Policy on Performance-Enhancing Substances and the Medical Advisor for the Policy and Program on Substances of Abuse have sole discretion to require medical evidence beyond that normally necessary to initiate treatment by the medical community.
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NFL REQUIREMENTS FOR THERAPEUTIC USE EXEMPTION (TUE):
Diuretics in the Treatment of Hypertension
Systemic hypertension is the most common cardiovascular condition observed in competitive athletes and is defined as a having a blood pressure measurement above 140/90 on two separate occasions. There are many factors or conditions which affect blood pressure including excess body weight, excess sodium intake, renal disease, sleep apnea and other diseases. In addition, certain medications and foods can cause elevated blood pressure including, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication, stimulants, corticosteroids, anti-depressant medication and alcohol. Lifestyle, medications and presence of causative diseases should be included in the evaluation and treatment of an individual with hypertension. The use of diuretics as part of the treatment of NFL players with hypertension requires a TUE.
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All TUEs for hypertension require annual renewal. The following must be submitted prior to July 1...
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Whether Jones filed a TUE this year or any prior year can be questioned. He would be the patient if he was prescribed the medication. A club is not responsible for filing a TUE on behalf of the player. It is the player's responsibility to do so. I suspect this would be true since federal law prevents the release of protected health information unless the patient provides written authorization. HIPAA does contain certain exemptions where a patient's consent is not necessary, such as for continuum of care, law enforcement investigation, etc.
PES policy restricts players seeking performance enhancing substances. Jones has publicly stated his medication was secure for health purposes. That was his intent. Now, he has the burden of proving the validity of his claim through the league's arbitration and appeal processes.