The 46 defense and man-free coverage

dwmyers

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Yakuza Rich said something interesting that he never followed up on, in his Tennessee preview. He said they play a lot of 46, and claimed Washington did the same. Now one thing I did recently is actually buy Rex Ryan's book on the 46. I'll add a link to a 46 diagram in a bit, but briefly I'm going to describe the defense in my own terms.

2zdsrrb.jpg


The front is a 6-2. Two linebackers, each of which lines up over the opposition tackle, give it a distinctive appearance that can't be missed. There is a nose guard who plays a two gap style, there are two defensive tackles that play a three technique that shade outside the OGs, there are two defensive ends that play outside the line, and then there is the adjuster, a lineman who plays just inside the tight end and keys off the tight end for his play.

The adjuster has pass defense responsibilities and so he has to be fast. In a traditional 4-3 transition to 46, typically the weak side 4-3 linebacker is given this role. He has to be tough enough to rush if necessary and yet he may cover that tight end 30 yards downfield. On the Cowboys you would want someone with good pass cover skills to play that role. Someone like Kevin Burnett or Carpenter makes sense.

The onside linebacker is usually your 4-3 middle linebacker, or probably Bradie James in our case. The defensive ends are the Sam 4-3 and the RDE, or in our case, our OLBs. The defensive tackles and nose would translate into the 3-4 DEs and NG. The offside linebacker is a "umbrella" strong safety, and he has to be able to play linebacker skills for this scheme to work.

Coverage can assume many forms, with the simplest being a 3 deep zone, with 4 linemen (2 ends, 2 lbs) falling back into short zones as well. This leaves 4 men rushing, and is kind of a maximum protect in this kind of defense. The pressure option is quite different however.

If you wish to apply the most pressure with a 46, you use man-free coverage, in which case:
* corners cover the WRs.
* the adjuster is responsible for the TE.
* the LBS are responsible for the RBs.
* The free safety is the "man free" in the middle.

The players then respond to how their keys behave. 5 of the 6 linemen will rush. Now, in man free, if your key player blocks, you rush. That means:

* If the running backs pass block, it's a 7 man rush.
* If the RB and TE pass block, it's an 8 man rush.

It's not a blitz, it's a response to the read, but yes, you send the whole house and toss in the sink in the event its man free coverage in the 46, and the team maximum protects.



2qjf7zk.jpg


David.
 

parchy

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That diagram ppg looks like it was written by Buddy Ryan himself. Talk about PR work.

Look, the 46 is a formidable defense in its own right, and when you carry it off well its pretty much unstoppable. But it is a personnel defense first and foremost. If you don't have all 11 fit to play this defense, it will blow up in your face.

The problem teams that play the Cowboys face when they use this scheme is that they assume there is a running game to shut down. I think this team is so used to having to pass that stacked fronts don't really phase them. Getting Bledsoe out of the way is one thing, but this is a whole other...

The Titans have a decent d-line, one linebacker to be afraid of and the rest is just kind of 'eh.' No INTs for the secondary this year. Pacman is the only real threat back there, but he has yet to pick one of in his career and his size is lacking... and I really think TG can burn him. So he's either outmuscled in every facet by TO or torched by Glenn. Their choice.

If this game is close at half, I will be pretty damned surprised.

Thanks for the post, btw. The inner workings of schemes are fascinating.
 

Billy Bullocks

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4-6 defense is a joke. It was ran nicely in the 80's. Theres a reason most team dont jump to run it. See how all your BIG guys are on the WEAK side on that alignment. HTat odesn't bode well against a team that wins alot of 1 on 1 battles. 46 is a joke
 

dwmyers

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parchy;1059692 said:
That diagram ppg looks like it was written by Buddy Ryan himself. Talk about PR work.

Rex Ryan is the defensive coordinator of the Baltimore Ravens and one of two of Buddy Ryan's sons to be working in the NFL. Yes, he's proud of dear ole dad (he's also trying to sell a book).

Look, the 46 is a formidable defense in its own right, and when you carry it off well its pretty much unstoppable. But it is a personnel defense first and foremost. If you don't have all 11 fit to play this defense, it will blow up in your face.

You get absolutely no disagrement from me there. The strong safety must be able to play like a linebacker. The adjuster has to play like a lineman and cover like a safety. You must have great cover corners and a very good two gap nose guard. I tend to think though, that the tackle and end play isn't that demanding.

The problem teams that play the Cowboys face when they use this scheme is that they assume there is a running game to shut down. I think this team is so used to having to pass that stacked fronts don't really phase them. Getting Bledsoe out of the way is one thing, but this is a whole other...

The Titans have a decent d-line, one linebacker to be afraid of and the rest is just kind of 'eh.' No INTs for the secondary this year. Pacman is the only real threat back there, but he has yet to pick one of in his career and his size is lacking... and I really think TG can burn him. So he's either outmuscled in every facet by TO or torched by Glenn. Their choice.

If this game is close at half, I will be pretty damned surprised.

Thanks for the post, btw. The inner workings of schemes are fascinating.

Yeah, it was interesting to me to see an 8 man rush and it's not a blitz, it's a read. I'm pretty sure man-free coverage is independent of this scheme, too. You could do it in a 4-3 or 3-4.

David.
 

dwmyers

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Billy Bullocks;1059714 said:
4-6 defense is a joke. It was ran nicely in the 80's. Theres a reason most team dont jump to run it. See how all your BIG guys are on the WEAK side on that alignment. HTat odesn't bode well against a team that wins alot of 1 on 1 battles. 46 is a joke

If you're overpowered at the line, it won't matter what defense you play, you'll lose. A lot of the point in the 6-2 is getting 3 lineman on the C-G-C trio. It makes it very hard to pull a guard because you'll end up with a DT in the backfield just about every time. And on the strong side, the offense is outmanned on the line. And on the outside on both sides, an end is uncovered.

One of the other reasons I posted this is so that people could recognize a 46 if one appears. I am curious if Washington or Tennessee really does play a 46. I don't recall Washington in any set that resembles this formation, but I didn't record the game either.

But I'd suggest the main reason people don't jump to run the 46 is that the original T formation (and Chuck Shaunessy) demolished the 6-2 back in the 1940s. People just forgot how to offense it. The weakness is the same as all other 3 man defensive backfields .. inadequate deep help for really superior wide receivers. Who defends the double post?

Not everyone has all world cornerbacks, a terrific strong safety, an all-world will linebacker, and good-to-great lineman. Kinda need that for this scheme to shine.

David.
 

Beast_from_East

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dwmyers;1059688 said:
Yakuza Rich said something interesting that he never followed up on, in his Tennessee preview. He said they play a lot of 46, and claimed Washington did the same. Now one thing I did recently is actually buy Rex Ryan's book on the 46. I'll add a link to a 46 diagram in a bit, but briefly I'm going to describe the defense in my own terms.

2zdsrrb.jpg


The front is a 6-2. Two linebackers, each of which lines up over the opposition tackle, give it a distinctive appearance that can't be missed. There is a nose guard who plays a two gap style, there are two defensive tackles that play a three technique that shade outside the OGs, there are two defensive ends that play outside the line, and then there is the adjuster, a lineman who plays just inside the tight end and keys off the tight end for his play.

The adjuster has pass defense responsibilities and so he has to be fast. In a traditional 4-3 transition to 46, typically the weak side 4-3 linebacker is given this role. He has to be tough enough to rush if necessary and yet he may cover that tight end 30 yards downfield. On the Cowboys you would want someone with good pass cover skills to play that role. Someone like Kevin Burnett or Carpenter makes sense.

The onside linebacker is usually your 4-3 middle linebacker, or probably Bradie James in our case. The defensive ends are the Sam 4-3 and the RDE, or in our case, our OLBs. The defensive tackles and nose would translate into the 3-4 DEs and NG. The offside linebacker is a "umbrella" strong safety, and he has to be able to play linebacker skills for this scheme to work.

Coverage can assume many forms, with the simplest being a 3 deep zone, with 4 linemen (2 ends, 2 lbs) falling back into short zones as well. This leaves 4 men rushing, and is kind of a maximum protect in this kind of defense. The pressure option is quite different however.

If you wish to apply the most pressure with a 46, you use man-free coverage, in which case:
* corners cover the WRs.
* the adjuster is responsible for the TE.
* the LBS are responsible for the RBs.
* The free safety is the "man free" in the middle.

The players then respond to how their keys behave. 5 of the 6 linemen will rush. Now, in man free, if your key player blocks, you rush. That means:

* If the running backs pass block, it's a 7 man rush.
* If the RB and TE pass block, it's an 8 man rush.

It's not a blitz, it's a response to the read, but yes, you send the whole house and toss in the sink in the event its man free coverage in the 46, and the team maximum protects.



2qjf7zk.jpg


David.

Very nice post David. I happen to think that the rule changes on pass defense make this Defense obsolete. For this defense to work, you have to have GREAT corners who can basically "cover in space". Meaning, in the old days of the 46, the corners would just "bump and run" the receiver all the way down the field. Today, with illegal contact being called as much as it is, your corners would have to cover in space without contact with the receiver in the secondary.

Unless you have a pair of top 5 cover corners in the league, you will get toasted in the secondary, especially the deep middle where you have no safety help.

I personally never play the 46 on Madden, I prefer to play with my safeties back and make a team go 10-12 plays to score, alot higher percentage of something going wrong that way (turnover, penalties, ect...)

Just my opinion :)
 

Bob Sacamano

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dwmyers;1059724 said:
that the tackle and end play isn't that demanding.

that's why we're able to see the SKins run it so exceptionally despite having mediocre DEs
 

ABQCOWBOY

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I agree with the earlier poster. Bigger, faster, more skilled WRs and the fact that you can't play physical in the secondary really put the 46 at a disadvantage in todays game. Once the WR/TE gets a DB on there hip, it's over for that defense. You can't stay with todays athletes in the passing game. If you don't get to the QB, your giving up huge gains or points. Hell in it's time but I think it's time has pretty much passed as a base defense.
 

dwmyers

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summerisfunner;1059842 said:
that's why we're able to see the SKins run it so exceptionally despite having mediocre DEs

I don't recall a single set of the Skins that looked like the 46. Think about it; just two linebackers, each over the tackles. The problem here is that people confuse blitz packages with the 46..

David.
 

dwmyers

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ABQCOWBOY;1059980 said:
I agree with the earlier poster. Bigger, faster, more skilled WRs and the fact that you can't play physical in the secondary really put the 46 at a disadvantage in todays game. Once the WR/TE gets a DB on there hip, it's over for that defense. You can't stay with todays athletes in the passing game. If you don't get to the QB, your giving up huge gains or points. Hell in it's time but I think it's time has pretty much passed as a base defense.

The 46, for the Bears, wasn't the base defense but a change up pressure defense. The last time the 8 man lines were base defenses were in the pre T formation days. The 1940s were the last time the 6-2 was played seriously as a main defense. The Eagle defense of Earle Neale was followed by the 6-1 and then the 4-3, and all three of these were 4 man backfields.

Part of the reason the Bear defense worked as well as it did were superior personnel and that really odd shift into the formation. It looks like something out of a demented pipe dream. I wonder how many pro teams realized they were even facing a 6-2? I wonder how many of them started sweep or guard pulling plays without knowing the DTs would penetrate if they did?

David.
 

CrazyCowboy

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Buddy Ryan, who at the time he was the defense coord of the beagles ran an awesome 46 defense. I could not stand the guy, especially after he nearly killed our boy Troy!
 

MichaelWinicki

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Great stuff David.

I remember the Monday Night game vs. the Dolphins. The fins wr's were able to beat the rather average Bear corners and Marino's quick set up and release were too fast for the Bear's pass rush.
 

Yakuza Rich

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The Skins, Eagles, and Titans run a watered down version of the 46. The Titans actually blitzed more often than the Skins last year and I'd say their scheme is more similar to what the Eagles run.

The big issues with the 46 is it's suceptible to plays on the perimeter, particularly screen passes and pitch running plays. That's why most 46 defensive style coaches have big, physical CB's because they will be counted on to tackle. And that's why it was surprising to me to see Fisher draft PacMan Jones, a smaller CB who can't tackle to save his life.


YAKUZA
 

dwmyers

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Yakuza Rich;1060433 said:
The Skins, Eagles, and Titans run a watered down version of the 46.

You keep saying that. I keep asking people to show me a single photo of a six man line with linebackers over the tackles. If they don't have a six man front, it isn't a fortysix. It's just a pressure package or a blitz.

David.
 

BeWare94

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Billy Bullocks;1059714 said:
4-6 defense is a joke. It was ran nicely in the 80's. Theres a reason most team dont jump to run it. See how all your BIG guys are on the WEAK side on that alignment. HTat odesn't bode well against a team that wins alot of 1 on 1 battles. 46 is a joke

The 46 is a great situational defense and is proven. Unlike you, the 46 has won and won big.
 

dwmyers

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Beast_from_East;1059839 said:
Very nice post David. I happen to think that the rule changes on pass defense make this Defense obsolete. For this defense to work, you have to have GREAT corners who can basically "cover in space". Meaning, in the old days of the 46, the corners would just "bump and run" the receiver all the way down the field.

I like a lot of this post, but I did some digging, and bump and run beyond the five yard zone was outlawed in 1978. The great Chicago Bears teams were playing in the middle 1980s. See the url below:

http://www.steelersfever.com/nfl_history_of_rules.html

David.
 

NorTex

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dwmyers;1060497 said:
I like a lot of this post, but I did some digging, and bump and run beyond the five yard zone was outlawed in 1978. The great Chicago Bears teams were playing in the middle 1980s. See the url below:

http://www.steelersfever.com/nfl_history_of_rules.html

David.

Yeah, but it wasn't until the 2000's, after the Patriots abused the WRs of the Rams, in the Superbowl, that the officials started calling PI like they should have been.
 
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