Lots of good choices in here, here's a list of some others that haven't been mentioned:
1970 Buick GSX, with the Stage 1 455 engine... the yellow one...
1969 ZL1 Camaro, with the aluminum 427...
1970 SS454 Chevelle, with the LS6 454... preferably the convertible... it and the Hemi 'Cuda were the two fastest production cars back then...
I also like the Dodge version of the Superbird already mentioned, the Charger Daytona with the 440 6 Pack... and the Hemi Challenger, with the dual quad option...
So many wonderful cars were put out back then... I think it all started with the 1957 Bel Air convertible, with the dual quad 283 or the fuel injected version...
I guess somebody ought to mention the 1967 or 1968 Z-28 Camaros too, with the DZ302 engine (but they were only available in 4 speed versions, and I prefer a well-built automatic)...